|
''Gua sha'' (), meaning "scraping ''sha''-bruises", is a traditional Chinese medical treatment in which the skin is scraped to produce light bruising. Practitioners believe ''gua sha'' releases unhealthy elements from injured areas and stimulates blood flow and healing. ''Gua sha'' is sometimes referred to as "spooning" or "coining" by English speakers, it has also been given the descriptive French name, ''tribo-effleurage''.〔Huard & Wong (1977), p.126. They also cite a French romanization for the same set of two Chinese characters: ''koua sha''.〕 ''Gua sha'' was borrowed into Vietnamese from China as ''cạo gió''. This term translates roughly "to scrape wind", as in Vietnamese culture "catching a cold" or fever is often referred to as ''trúng gió'', "to catch wind". The origin of this term is the Shang Han Lun, a ~220 CE Chinese Medical text on cold induced disease - like most Asian countries China's medical sciences were a profound influence in Vietnam, especially between the 5th and 7th Centuries CE.〔.〕 ''Cạo gió'' is an extremely common remedy in Vietnam and for overseas Vietnamese. There are many variants of ''cạo gió''. Some methods use oil balm and a coin to apply pressure to the skin. Others use a boiled egg with a coin inserted in the middle of the yolk. The egg is wrapped in a piece of cloth and rubbed over the forehead (in the case of a fever) and other areas of skin. After the rubbing, when the coin is removed from the egg, it will appear black. It is also used in Indonesia, and in Java it is known as ''kerikan'' (lit., "scraping technique") or ''kerokan'', and it is very widely used, as a form of folk medicine, upon members of individual households. It was also used in India for treatment of high fever symptoms. People used metal spoon and water for skin lubrication. ==Technique== ''Gua sha'' involves repeated pressured strokes over lubricated skin with a smooth edge. Skin is typically lubricated with massage oil and commonly a ceramic Chinese soup spoon was used, or a well worn coin, even honed animal bones, water buffalo horn, or jade. A simple metal cap with a rounded edge is commonly used. In cases of fatigue from heavy work, a piece of ginger root soaked in rice wine is sometimes used to rub down the spine from head to feet. The smooth edge is placed against the oiled skin surface, pressed down firmly, and then moved down the muscles—hence the term ''tribo-effleurage'' (i.e., friction-stroking)—or along the pathway of the acupuncture meridians, along the surface of the skin, with each stroke being about 4–6 inches long. This causes extravasation of blood from the peripheral capillaries and may result in sub-cutaneous blemishing (ecchymosis), which usually takes 2–4 days to fade. ''Sha'' rash does not represent capillary rupture (petechiae) as in bruising, as is evidenced by the immediate fading of the markings to echymosis, and the rapid resolution of sha as compared to bruising. Practitioners tend to follow the tradition they were taught to obtain ''sha'': typically using either ''gua sha'' or fire cupping. The techniques are sometimes used together.〔One of the first to introduce the technique of ''gua sha'' to non-Chinese students in the United States was James Tin Yau So (1911 - ).〕 In China, they are widely available from national and public hospitals to private massage shops, because of local people's deep trust to CTM (Chinese Traditional Medicine) and reasonable price, they are very popular. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gua sha」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|